September marked World Alzheimer’s Month, an important occasion to raise awareness and confront the stigma surrounding Alzheimer’s disease and other forms of dementia. World Alzheimer’s Day was celebrated on Sept. 21, and Gender Equality Week was observed from Sept. 22 to 28: an opportunity to acknowledge the gendered impact of this serious condition.
Alzheimer’s disease affects not only individuals but also families, caregivers, and communities, with women shouldering a disproportionate burden in many ways. More than 700,000 Canadians are living with dementia, and that number is expected to rise significantly as the population ages.
Alzheimer’s accounts for approximately 60 to 70 per cent of these cases. While the disease affects everyone, women face unique challenges related to Alzheimer’s, in terms of risk and caregiving responsibilities. Research indicates that women are twice as likely to develop Alzheimer’s compared to men. The reasons behind this disparity are complex and still under investigation, but some contributing factors include:
- Biological differences: Hormonal changes, particularly during menopause, may influence the development of Alzheimer’s.
- Longevity: Since age is the primary risk factor for Alzheimer’s, and women generally live longer than men, they are at higher risk.
- Cognitive decline: Women who are caregivers often experience higher levels of stress and mental health strain, which can contribute to cognitive decline over time.
Women are also more likely to take on caregiving roles for loved ones with Alzheimer’s. This caregiving can extend for many years, leading to physical, emotional, and financial strain. As a result, many women face career disruptions, financial instability, and health challenges, further exacerbating gender inequalities.
Acknowledging these gendered disparities is essential in the pursuit of equitable research, care, and support. While Alzheimer’s research has historically centred on men, there is now a concerted effort to understand how the disease progresses differently in women. Scientists are investigating the roles of hormones, genetics, and lifestyle factors to develop more targeted treatments that address these differences.
Recognizing the unpaid and often invisible labour of caregiving that women predominantly provide is equally important. We must advocate for enhanced support for caregivers, including access to respite care, mental health services, and financial assistance. Supporting caregivers is not just about immediate relief: it is also a crucial step toward achieving long-term gender equality.
Alzheimer’s and dementia present societal challenges that require a collective response. Here are some ways to be effective throughout the year:
- Raise awareness: Share information about Alzheimer’s, its impact on women, and the necessity for gender-sensitive research and policies.
- Support caregivers: If you know someone caring for a loved one with dementia, offer practical help or lend an empathetic ear. Caregiver support is vital.
- Advocate for change: Urge policymakers to increase funding for Alzheimer’s research and support services, particularly those that address the gendered impacts of the disease.
- Promote brain health: Encourage healthy lifestyle choices that can reduce the risk of cognitive decline, such as regular exercise, mental stimulation, and a balanced diet.
Let us not only spread awareness but also advocate for the changes needed to better support women affected by Alzheimer’s, whether they are living with the disease or providing care. Together, we can strive toward a future where gender equality is integral to Alzheimer’s research, care, and advocacy.
