As we commemorate another World Population Day on July 11, it is crucial to highlight a significant aspect of global demographics: the longevity paradox and health disparities women face. Despite women generally living longer than men, they encounter challenges in attaining equitable status, especially concerning health and economic well-being in their later years.
Data consistently reveals that women have a higher life expectancy than men. The World Health Organization reports that women live, on average, 74.2 years compared to 69.8 years for men. This gender longevity gap exists worldwide, regardless of economic conditions. However, living longer does not guarantee a better quality of life, particularly for women who often experience a decline in social and economic standing as they age.
While women tend to outlive men, their extended years are often marked by health inequalities. Elderly women are more prone to chronic conditions like arthritis, osteoporosis, and Alzheimer’s disease. These health issues frequently necessitate long-term care, which many senior women cannot afford due to lower lifetime earnings and savings. The global pension gap leaves numerous women vulnerable, lacking access to necessary health care and support services.
In low- and middle-income countries, the situation is particularly severe. Older women in these regions often lack essential health care services. Cultural norms and gender biases worsen the situation, as women prioritize their family’s health over their own. This selflessness, coupled with inadequate health infrastructure, leads to many elderly women facing significant health challenges without adequate support.
Economic insecurity is another pressing concern impacting senior women. Over their lifetimes, women typically earn less than men due to gender pay gaps, interruptions for child-rearing, and part-time employment. These factors contribute to substantially lower retirement savings and pensions. According to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, women's average pension is 27 per cent lower than men's, leaving many elderly women struggling to afford basic necessities, including health care.
Addressing these disparities necessitates comprehensive policy actions. Governments and international bodies must prioritize senior women's health and economic well-being. This entails ensuring affordable health care access, implementing measures to bridge the gender wage disparity, and offering tailored support for elderly women.
Health care systems need strengthening with a specific focus on geriatric care, especially in underserved regions. Training health care professionals to understand and cater to the unique health needs of older women is vital. Moreover, raising awareness about the importance of regular health check-ups and preventive care can help alleviate the impact of chronic conditions among elderly women.
Empowering women through education, economic opportunities, and lifelong health care access will significantly enhance their status in old age. Ensuring equal workforce participation and opportunities for women to save for retirement are crucial steps.
On this World Population Day, let us commit to addressing the challenges faced by senior women. By spotlighting health disparities and economic insecurity among elderly women, we can strive towards a future where all women can enjoy their extended years with dignity and a high quality of life. This effort goes beyond equity; it is about upholding humanity and justice.
Together, through advocacy for policies and practices that bolster the well-being of senior women globally, we can make a meaningful impact.
